Electrical resistance, or simply resistance, is a property of a given material against the flow of electric current. A low resistance material is a material that allows the electric current to flow easily. Electrical conductivity is the equivalent of electrical resistance. For example, metals have high conductivity but low resistance. Glass is a good insulator and has a high resistance. In general, the electrical resistance of metals increases with temperature. The best conductive metals are gold, silver, copper and aluminum.

The resistance of a conductor depends on several factors. For example, the resistance of the conductor varies depending on the length of the conductor, the type of conductor or the cross-sectional area of ​​the conductor, that is, whether it is thin or thick. The resistance of a conductor is directly proportional to the length. So if the length increases, the resistance increases. The resistance of a conductor is also directly proportional to the cross-sectional area. That is, if the conductor thickness increases, the resistance decreases. Because the current circulating in the circuit increases. In addition, the resistance of a conductor depends on the type of conductor. The self-resistance of each conductor is also different.

If an electrical current does not readily flow through the conductor and encounters a resistance, that is to say, the electrons encounter the inhibition of atoms, a portion of the energy of the electrons is converted into heat energy. The operation of electric water heaters, electric stoves or electric ovens is based on this principle.

Based on the authorization of national or international accreditation bodies, laboratories conducting various electrical tests also conduct conductor resistance measurements. In these measurements, laboratories take into account the provisions of the existing legal regulations and the relevant standards developed by domestic and foreign organizations.

In conductor resistance measurements, the cables whose conductivity is to be measured shall be placed in the test chamber at a normal temperature for at least 12 hours. The conductor resistance is then measured using a micro ohmmeter. The temperature factor is also taken into account when making the calculations.